“सरफरोशी की तमन्ना अब हमारे दिल में है, देखना है जोर कितना बाजु-ए-कातिल में है”.
The lines from a patriotic poem “Sarfaroshi ki Tamanna” were immortalized by the great revolutionary Pt. Ramprasad Bismil. Hailed as one of the great revolutionary heroes of India Bismil struggled against British imperialism. Founder member of Hindustan Republican Association he was also a great poet-writer of Urdu and Hindi. He participated in Mainpuri conspiracy of 1918, and the Kakori conspiracy of 1925, which alarmed the autocratic regime of the day. Due to his involvement in Kakori conspiracy Bismil was sentenced to death and was finally hanged on 19 December 1927 at Gorakhpur Jail.
The life and times of Ram Prasad Bismil was full of challenges. Born on 11 June 1897 in United Province, British India he sacrificed his life for the sake of freedom of Mother India. His father, Muralidhar, was an employee of Shahjahanpur Municipality. He was deeply attached to his mother Moolmati. Bismil was well versed in both Hindi and Urdu alike. Since his childhood he was associated with Arya Samaj. He was greatly inspired by Satyarth Prakash, a book written by Swami Dayanand Saraswati. He also had a confidential connection with Lala Har Dayal through his guru Swami Somdev, a preacher of Arya Samaj. He was a youth icon and inspirational force for thousands of patriots like Bhagat Singh, Chandrasekhar Azad etc. A very talented writer he wrote number of poems and was committed to remove the British control over India. He with a group of youths published America Ki Swatantrata Ka Itihas in Hindi but government of Uttar Pradesh proscribed its circulation within the state.
Mainpuri Conspiracy
Known for his fiery speech Bismil knew several languages including Hindi, English, Urdu, Sanskrit and Bengali. A talented writer he translated few Bengali books. He formed a revolutionary organisation called Matrivedi (Altar of Motherland). Soon after he came into the contacts of Pt. Genda Lal Dixit, a school teacher at Auraiya. Like Bismil, Dixit had also formed an armed organisation of youths called Shivaji Samiti (named after Shivaji). Both recruited youths from Etawah, Mainpuri, Agra and Shahjahanpur districts of United Province (now Uttar Pradesh) to strengthen their organisations.
He was indulged in looting on three occasions and was vigorously searched by Police in and around Mainpuri. While planing another looting between Delhi and Agra, a police team arrived and firing started from both the sides. To escape arrest Bismil jumped into the Yamuna and swam underwater. Though Dixit was arrested but fled to Delhi and lived in hiding. A criminal case was filed against them. The incident to this date is remembered as "Mainpuri Conspiracy" plotted against the British King Emperor. Both were declared as absconders.
Kakori Conspiracy
Determined to fight against the British imperialism he along with other revolutionary team’s members like Ashfaqulla Khan, Chandrasekhar Azad, Sachindra Nath Sanyal, Thakur Roshan Singh and many more planned a train robbery. This was done to arrange funds required to buy small weapons and support various revolutionary activities. To do so they all decided to loot the cash from the govt. treasury. On the evening of 9th August 1925, they looted 8-Down train that was passing through Kakori near Lucknow. The cash from the Guard’s carriage was looted. Though they did not harm any passenger still one innocent passenger was killed by an accidental shot. This made it a case of loot and murder. The well planned dacoity was recorded as ‘Kakori Conspiracy’ in the annals of history. It jolted the British Government in India.
Imprisonment and Death
After detailed preliminary inquiries and elaborate preparations, all except Chandrashekhar Azad, were caught from across the country. The case went on for over a year and a half, and the men were found guilty. For their involvement death sentences were awarded to Ramaprasad, Ashfaqullah, Roshan Singh and Rajendra Lahiri. Their final appeal for clemency to the Privy Council in London was also disapproved. Bismil was hanged on 19 December 1927 at Gorakhpur Jail, Ashfaqulla Khan at the Faizabad Jail and Roshan Singh at Naini Allahabad Jail. Lahiri had been hanged two days earlier at Gonda Jail. After his death Bismil's body was creamated on the banks of Rapti river.
His legacy prompted made youth like Bhagat Singh to continue fighting for independence. He was hailed with respects amongst the freedom fighters of India. His contributions are highlighted through various television serials and telefilms. He is commemorated with a range of memorials across parts of India.
Entire Nation
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Dalveer Singh Sehar (Brotherhood/Humanity)
Veet Shaheed Ram Prasad Bismil ko mere hum sab azad swatantra Bharat ke vaiyon ke taraf se shat shat naman. Hamare purvajon ki shahadat ne hume banaya hai. Hum sab aap sab Shaheed veero ke karzdaar hai aur aanwali peediyon tak karzdaar rahenge. Mere ye kavita apko samarpit.